Carburetor



neg, ie, ieee.

Til IFERLXTNL HARVESTER COMYANY, A COBPBTION OF NEW JERSEY.

cenncnn'ron.

.itgipicatiou filed VNovember o all wilma it may concern.'

Ee it iin-own that'l, Ene/'Ann A. JonNsToN, citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at gllinicugo, in the county of Cook and Stets oflillincis, herve invented certain new und useful .improvementsinarburetors, ot which the' fellovving is etull, clear, end exactspecification. l i l This invention-v relates to cerburetors.

. @ne ett the objects of the invention is to imprese and simplifycerburetors for use connection. with relatively heavyl fuels, such, forexemple, as kerosene.

fncther object is to render more eilicientthe' burning of heavierhydrocarbons.

linother'object is to'provide a carburetor reedily responsive to varyingload condiedeptedto meet all or the requirements ier successfulcommercial operation.

These and other objects are accomplished providing a novel carburetorstructure bovine, umong otherclements, primary and secondarysupplypassageways, means for supplying' fuel through one ot themcontinuously'during theope'ration of the engine, andmeans whereby fuelis supplied through the other one in variable quantities in accordanceYivith engine load conditions. n The invention is illustrated on theaccompe'nyingsheet of drawings, in which- Figure l is a regmentary sideelevation iourcylinder verticalengine equipped Us with my improvedcarburetor;

Figure Q; is a vertical sectional view taken through the carburetor,showing the primary and secondary fuel supply passage Ways, fuel supplyIneens, und control means associated with one ofthe passageways; y

Figure lis a fragmentary plan view of arburetcr showing the primary andsec- 'end "eve with; v ,W

fuel supply chamber associated there- 'and Y' t, l -ise treginenteryside elevation 'ie hotsir conr'iection :trom 'around the t-pipe to thecarburetor. l'

rinus novel' Aeat-unes of my inwention will be apparent from thefollowing 'ition und drawings and will be. particulsrly peinted out inthe Yeppeinled claims, V"llfic 'problem of eiciently utihzing orlburningthe reltively heavy hydrocarbons, .such es kerosene, tor powerpurposes, has, a considerable length or time, confronted leere designersina serious mansry fuel passageways and the-constanty Y L 6, m13. SerialKo. 129,838.

ner. The problem is more serious where the engine, which is suppliedwith heavier grades of fuel, is subjected to rapidly vary 'ing loadconditions, such, for example, as

where the engineis installed in a tractor for drawingplows end the like.The same thing holds true where the engine is subjected to motor truckservice, in which case variable speed conditionsurey also encountered toa considerable degree.v In most carburatore there is but a single fuelsupply passage- Way. One objection' to such a carburetor is, that thespeed of the mixture is not suf- 'iciently high on light loads?to'prevent an' accumulation of the heavy fuel in the form ofA a depositon the walls of all passageway/s leading from the carburetor' to thecylinder. Under such conditions, when the throttle 'vulve is opened and'there is aheavy suction produced, this mass of accumulated fuel isdrawninto the cylinder, having a fouling ed'ect. The question of mixtureor 'uel speed, therefore, 1s a materialone, especially Where the heavfuels are employed. To obtain and maintamvthe desired mixture speeds. Ihave chosen to employ a plurality of fuel passageways of properdimensions, one of which passageways conducts the fuel' supply foridling and light load conditions and another of which assists inaccordance withV other engine load conditions.

' l have chosen to disclose my carburetor l0 in connection with a fourcylinder vertical engine 11 having the usual exhaust pipe 12 common toall cylinders. In .so-far as the supply of fuel to the cylinder isconcerned, the cylinders are'arranged in pairs so that the twoAleft-hand cylinders, as shown in Figure l, will reoeive'their sup ply offuel through a short passageway `13, and the twoyright-liand cylinders,as sho'svn in Figurell, vvill receive theirsupply of fuel through ashort passagewayl These' passageweys are formed in oppositely arranged,downwardly extendingportions 15 ndl of a main casting or manifoldl7,said portions being suitably secured to the top of vthe cylinderstructurein any suitable ina'nner. The passagewayv Ald-lat'theleft-'hand side and the passagewaylfat the righthand side formterminationsr of longitudinelly extending` pessageyveysfl Vand :119,5which are formedint-he' saine casting 15?."

a shoulder 25 to properly locate a Venturi.

tube 26 therein. y

Liquid fuel is supplied to the primary fuel passageway and secondaryfuel passageway 22 through nozzles 27 and 28, respectively, projectinginto. the narrowest parts of the Venturi tubes, the fuel being suppliedto said nozzles from a constant level fuel hamber 29, which is used incomnion by both of the pussageways. This fuel supply chamber is formedon one side of the vertically arranged passageways 20 und 22 f in a ca.ing which is common to the body of `a han Ialcove the gauge 31, andlikewise the supthe carburetor and which is suitably con` nected to theother castin 17. Fuel is supplied to this chamber 29 rom a floatchambei' 30. f

The supply of fuel through the primary fuel su ply nozzle 27 may heregulated by controlV 'needle valve 31 turning ply of fuel through-thesecondary fuel supply nozzle 28 may he regulated by u needle valve 32.lt will be noted that the vertically arranged primary supply passageway2O is without a valve, so that when the engine is running this furnishesa 4tree pas- Sage of air and liquid fuel; or, rather, a mixture of thetwo therethrough. On the other hand, the secondary paageway is providedwith a puppet' valve 33 which is p upwardly against or toward its seat aspring 34, one end of which presses against the widened portion of thevalve itself and the other end of which presses against a collar 35secured to a threaded member 36 screwed into the lower part of thecarburetor.l This threaded member may be adjusted to vary the tension ofthe spring 34 and locked in adjusted position by a winged nut 35. Thevalve 33 is provided with a sleeve 37 which is slidable over a smoothportion of the threaded member 36, so that the valve may be freelyreciprocated. Located in the assageways 13 and 14, respectively, areutterily throttle valves'S and 39, which are mountedupon suite yconnected rocker shafts 40 and 41, which-in turn are connected to thegovernor of the engine through a link 42. These rocker shafts arepreferably connected oy means of a coupling hav'np; two elements 40?Land 41* securelyv fastened to adjoining ends of the shafts 40 and 41,respectively, The

:inerme coupling elements 'are held iny yielding; contact hy means ofthe spring 41 which ents through the collar 41 and the shalt 41 on. thecoupling element 41..Vl 'V A The air which. supplied .to theposseggoways 20 and 22 fis heated in e hood 43 located around andsecured to the exhaust pipe 12 and which is connected to said passagen/nys through a vertically eiuenged conduit 44 ofthe hood andthrough e'cup meniber 45 which lits over thetop el? the csi-'huretor ands-secured thereto by suitehle bolts 46.

gasoline. into the c linders for storting.

In operation, w. en the engine is idling or running on light loads, thesupply of air is drawnvthrou h the -hot air supply eonn'ec Pruning cups15 ure lnced en the vertice-l portions l5 and 16 or the manifold whichprovide an easy way of :getting 91..;:1

tion, through t e primary Venturi tuhe 24 il and pest the primary fuelsupply nozzle .2?. In Viewl of the fact thstfthis primary pessageway issmall, and especially sont the small part of the Venturiv tube,itt-which point the liquid fuel is drawn into thefpessageway, e.relatively high speed' o'ifthe heated air past the fuelnozzlevisattained which atomizes .liquid hydrocarbon,- forining anexplosive mixture which passes in opposite directions through the smallpus- `sageway 18, then down through the passagewaysl 13 and 14 into `theiour cylinders el' the engine. 1t is to' he noted that this primary fuelpath is' email' throughout' its length to maintain the high Aspeed ofthemixture. While the terminating passugeways 13 und 14 are somewhat lergenit will be noted that the latter are amunged`-vei ticall gravity therebyassisting in preventing deposits of li uid fuel at these sections. Inpassing throng the passagewnys '13 und 14, the fuel supply is controlledhy the throttle valves 38 and 39, which under no leed andlight loadconditions are 'open a reietively small amount. As above indicated,under no load and light load conditions, -all of the fuel which passesintov the engine passes exclusively through' the primary `luel Eile?supply passageway 2G; that is to euyjifio fuel whatsoever passes'tnroughthe-'secondary passageway 22. However, inst es soon as the engine loadincreases, the puppet valve 33 1s drawn downwardly due to the increasedsuction of the engine, whereupon e supply of airalso passes through thepassageway 22. When this increasedl loud is slight,

no liquid hydrocarbon is drawn into the seconclary fuel supplypassageway 22, out only the secondary supply of air'which acts in amanner to increase the volume end' slightly dilute the mixture passingthrough the primary passageway at this time, the fuel slip.

ways 13 and 11i; which lead into' the engine. As the load increases, thethrottle valves 38 and 39 are opened more end more, through the actionof the engine' speed governor, and the edec'tive vacuum increases inlike pio' portion to increase the opening ofthe poppet valve 33,whereupon the sup lyvof fuel is not only continued through t e primer-vpassageway di), but fuel is also drawn into 351@ the secondary fuelpassageway 22, thisincreased volume of fuel being supplied past' thethrottle valves 38 and 39 and into the engine to meet the increaseddemand. In this sont carburetor, therefore; two relatively llpsssegeweys ere provided to obtain maintain high speed of the mixtureand present it in thoroughly atomized and va.- porized condition to thecylinders of the engine. As the load on the engine is in-` creased theengine speed decreases slightly temporarily, the throttle valves 38 and39 ture speed. If the load increases'duringeny part of the rangen thespeed of the engine de creases temporarily and the openings of thevalves ere increased, an increased volume of incl being thereby suppliedto bring the engine up to normal speed and handle the load. Thepoppetwelve 33 in opening andclosing, or in varying the opening of thesecondsry'passegewey 22, takes care of the fuel supply for changes inloed. All the fuel required for the engine during idling sind light loadconditions passes through the primary passageway. When a, heavier loadis placed upon the en ine, all edditionaliuel necessary 1s suppliethrough the seconde passageway.

y means of my carburetor, heavier hy'- drocerbons, such, for instance,as kerosene, may be `utilized eciently to e very high de grec, meetindgall the `regrets under varying los, are encountered in commercialoperation y .ltis apparent that there may he various inoditications ofthe invention other than the-t here particularly shown and described,

and it is' my intention to. cover ell such' modifications which dol notinvolve a {leper-f ture from the spirit und scope of my inven tion asset forth in the following claims.

What I claim as new is:

and speed conditions whichf' l. ln a charge forming device orinternalcombustion engines, the combination of an engine -cylinder having anintake, a carhuretor having a plurality of mixing chambers, e pluralityof adjacent horizontal pg sageways connected therewith and terminatingin n single downwardly extending pes-V 'sagewziy connected to thecylinder intake and a throttle valve in said downwardly extendingpassageway.

2. In a charge forming device for multicylinder engines, the combinationof a plurality of cylinders, a carburetor `havin a plurality ofvertically arranged mixing chambers,- automstic means controlling ohe ofsaid chambers dependent on: the load bn the engine, a horizontallyyextending manifold having a plurality of passageways communicatingintermediate their ends with the respective mixing chambers, a downwardldischarging passageway at each end of the manifold communicating atitslower end with e cylinder and at its upper end with the parallelpessageways, and a throttle valve in cach of seid downwardly dischargingpassageways. In testimony whereoir I ailix my signatu EDWARD A.JonNsroN.

